Genetic Diversity & Sequences Analysis for Cyprinus carpio L., in IRAQ

Abstract

The common carp, Cyprinus carpio, is of very importance to the economy of our country. In this study, the cyt B fragment was chosen to measure the genetic diversity of 30 individuals of the common carp. These fish were caught from one of the fish farms in the Nasiriyah city, they were similar in appearance to wild carp. The length of the selected cyt B gene fragment was 581 bp. A sequencing analysis was conducted by the Korean company Macrogen, A Tools and software were used to analyze the results of the cyt B sequences. The results of the molecular analysis indicated that the number of mutations in the Cyt B gene sequences in our current study reached 9 mutations, resulting in the formation of 3 haplotypes. The importance of gene diversity in haplotypes, Hd, was recorded as 0.43, while the value of Nucleotide diversity (per site), Pi: 0.00564, was evident from According to the results, the molecular variation AMOVA for the Cyt B gene of common carp fish within the population groups is greater and this is due to the fact that all individuals of these groups belong to the same mother, which makes the variation between the population groups less than the variation within them.

The neutrality test's findings revealed that the value of Tajima's D for the Cyt B gene for the local common carp fish was a positive value and was 0.692112. As for the fish of the United States and China, it recorded a negative result of - 0.93302 and - 0.49083. As for the statistical values ​​of Fu's Fs, it was a positive result for both the local Iraqi fish and the American and Chinese fish, and the result was Fu's Fs. 0.9830, 0.25500 and 0.36300 respectively.The results of the network of haplotypes that were designed using Network V.10.2 software indicated that the sequences of the cyt B gene of the local carp fish were distributed into three individual haplotypes that were independent from the main haplotypes belonging to the sequences of Chinese fish. The Chinese sequences of the cyt B gene took 7 independent haplotypes and participated in the ninth haplotype is found in Russian fish, Taiwanese fish, and some American fish sequences are independent haplotypes derived from Chinese sequences. These results are similar to the results of the phylogenetic tree when comparing the sequences of the original study with reference copies.