University of Thi-Qar Journal of agricultural research
type: channel
description: University of Thi-Qar Journal of agriculture research is a global, scientific and open access journal. and it is published from the Agriculture and Marshes College/ University of Thi-qar/ Iraq. UTJagr is an open journal that aims to Distribute the all information about the agricultural sciences and all other related sciences to this field around the world.The importance of providing food basket for the global communities and the importance of agricultural science in the development and provision of this basket of food. It is necessary to publish all researches in this aspect to reach those interested in agriculture, so this journal was founded to contribute and transfer of agricultural information.
publisher: Agriculture and Marshes College, University of Thi-Qar
language: en
publication name: University of Thi-Qar Journal of agricultural research
issn: 2708-9339
items: The Effect of Foliar Spraying with Calcium Chloride and Fertilization with Fish Protein Hydrolysate on the Growth and Yield of Some Cucumber Hybrids Grown in Plastic Houses
items: Hidden Inflammation: Pathophysiological Mechanisms, Clinical Implications, and Diagnostic Considerations—A Review
items: The aqueous extract of the sage plant leaves
items: Fish Diversity as a Biological Indicator of Organic Pollution in the Shatt Al- Basrah canal
items: Antibacterial Activity of Alkaloids, Phenols Extracts, and Phytochemical Screening of Bioactive Compounds of Borago officinalis plant
items: The role of plant extracts in increasing vegetative growth and productivity in plants, biological control, and reducing environmental pollution
items: Impact of Milk Drying Methods on Its Nutritional Content and Health Benefits
items: Physiological and Environmental Stress Situations and Their Impact on The Physiological Processes of Ruminants: Article Review
items: The Role of Nutrition in Promoting Physiological Functions and Maintaining General Health
items: Study of the Environmental Factors Affecting the Abundance of the Asian Catfish H.1843 Silurus triostegus in the Hammar Marsh
items: Geological Analysis of the Influence of the Euphrates and Shatt al-Arab Rivers on Soil Texture and Density in Northern Basra, Southern Iraq
items: The role of starter solutions on growth and yield of lettuce transplants grown at southern 0f Iraq
items: Impact of Different Energy Sources on Some Performance Parameters of Japanese quail
items: Effect of some fruit extracts on tenderness and some chemical and physical characteristics of cow meat
items: Pomegranate Peel extract in Edible films: Impact on Microbial Growth Oxidative Stability, and Sensory Quality of Beef
items: https://jam.utq.edu.iq/index.php/main/article/view/623
items: Effect of Gorogreen five frctus and pollen Cultivar on some physical and Chemical properties of date palm fruits Phoenix dactylifera L . variety resulting from a thesis tissue culture of Barhi
items: Study of Power Requirements of the Combined Moldboard Plow at Different Forward Speeds
items: Comparative Assessment of Melatonin Implants and Progesterone Hormone Effect on the Testicular Changes in Tomcats
items: Effect of Mantha langifoliail (L)powder inhabit growth of fungi that associated with local bread
items: Effect of Conventional Thermal Processing Duration on Hydroxymethyel furfural, Antioxidant Activity, and Physicochemical Properties of Pomegranate Molasses
items: https://jam.utq.edu.iq/index.php/main/article/view/607
items: THE SELLERS ' KNOWLEDGE OF THE MARKETING EXTENSION OF THE LOCAL HONEY SHOPPING FUNCTION AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH SOCIAL VARIABLES IN SULAIMANIYAH GOVERNORATE
items: Obstacles of Sustainable Agricultural Development from The Point Of View Of Agricultural Extension Workers In Sulaimani Governorate*
items: Influence of Anti-Transpirant, Nano-Potassium, and Shading on Vegetative Growth and Yield Traits of Grapevines (Tre-Rash cv.) Under Rain-Fed Conditions
items: Effect Of Early Quantitative Feed Restriction On Growth And Production Indicators Of Broiler Chickens
items: Subcutaneous ovarian transplantation for short term preservation in cat
items: The Effect Of Dietary Supplemented Ginger And Probiotic On The Productive Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, And Blood Metabolites Of Growing Karadi Lambs
items: Morphological and Molecular identification of some Species of liver fluke in Sulaymaniyah Slaughterhouse
items: The effect of some active compounds of the Aqueaus extract of Basil on some bloodhematological parameters of male rats induced with Diabetes

The Effect of Foliar Spraying with Calcium Chloride and Fertilization with Fish Protein Hydrolysate on the Growth and Yield of Some Cucumber Hybrids Grown in Plastic Houses
type: item
description: The study was conducted to investigate the effect of foliar spraying of calcium chloride and fish protein hydrolysate at the stage of 4-5 true leaves on the growth and yield of some cucumber hybrids Sayff, Shady, Darina, Super Faris and Ballistic. The study included eight factorial treatments that are possible combinations between four levels of calcium chloride (3, 2, 1, 0%) for the hybrids sayff and shady and the addition of fish protein hydrolysate (0, 2, 4, 6)% for the hybrids Darina, Super faris and Ballistic. The results showed that the hybrid Shady was significantly superior with an increase of 11.36% in plant height, 6.31% in stem diameter, 24.39% in fresh weight of the plant, 13.48% in dry weight of the plant, 4.29% in moisture percentage, 15.24% in average weight of the fruit, 18.16% in vitamin C content of the fruit, and 9.99% in the percentage of potassium ions penetrating the fruit. 38.97% in the calcium content of fruits compared to the Sayff variety. While the plants of the Sayff variety were superior significantly and by an increase of 12.92% in the early productivity of the plastic house compared to the plants of the Shadi variety. The plants are sprayed with calcium chloride.and treated with a concentration of 3% were superior significantly in the fresh weight of the plant by an increase of 14.73% in the calcium chloride content of the fruits by 292.83% and a significant decrease in the percentage of potassium ions penetrating the fruits and a significant increase in the total productivity of the house by 19.98% compared to the comparison treatment. Plants treated with 6% fish protein hydrolysate were significantly superior in all of the rated vegetative traits, root and flower growth indicators and total yield. The Darina variety also outperformed the rest of the varieties in fruiting traits and total yield.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Cucumber hybrids, calcium chloride, fish protein hydrolysate, plastic houses.
  topic: keywords
creator: Aqila Jumaah Hachim
creator: Jamal Abdul Redha AL-Rabea'a
creator: Asmahan Shayal Abdalkarim
creator: fatimah mahdi jasem
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-01
publication date: 2025-12-01
doi: 10.54174/d1yayb58

Hidden Inflammation: Pathophysiological Mechanisms, Clinical Implications, and Diagnostic Considerations—A Review
type: item
description: Inflammation is a part of the protective response of the body, however; it does not always manifest in an acute or obvious sense. In others immune activation may be chronic but subclinical. This state, sometimes called silent or low-grade inflammation, may be influencing your health over time. The inflammatory passion is not so violent, but still lasting and ever-burning is the metabolic equilibrium of body functions, vascular tone and cellular homeostasis. Low-level inflammation can be influenced by aging, obesity, metabolic stress and alterations in gut microbiota. These states can trigger natural immune-mediated pathways such as NF-κB signalling and inflammasome activation, resulting in a persistent release of pro-inflammatory molecules. Chronic exposure to this level of immune activation could also promote the onset or progression of chronic diseases – cardiovascular disease, T2D, cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. lignment=justify>One of the major challenges in the treatment of occult inflammation, has been that there have not specific diagnostic criteria. Conventional biomarkers such as C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 may act as surrogates of the burden of inflammation, but they fail to fully account for the intricacy of this aspect. Treatment primarily centres around lifestyle interventions, comprising of a balanced diet, exercise and maintaining an ideal body weight. In this way, subclinical inflammation could be a silent biological status that predisposes some individuals to chronic diseases. Additional study is required to enhance diagnosis and clarify its long-term clinical relevance. e
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Hidden inflammation; Low-grade inflammation; Chronic inflammation; NF-κB; C-reactive protein; Systemic inflammatory response
  topic: keywords
creator: Ali Mohammed Sameen
creator: Ibraheem Abdulnabi Shabeeb
creator: Ahmed J. Alfahdaw
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-01
publication date: 2025-12-01
doi: 10.54174/f24xmb22

The aqueous extract of the sage plant leaves
type: item
description: sage leaves were brought from local markets, the leaves were washed thoroughly and then dried well under the sun for three days, turning them continuous .from time to time to prevent rotting, the leaves were then ground using an electric grinder (Morter) and the powder was stored in clean plastic bags at room temperature until use, the aqueous abstract was Prepare according to the method of Hernandes et al. (1994), which involves. mixing a quantity of dried sage leaf powder with a quantity of distilled water in a ratio of 1 g: 2 ml of distilled water by placing it in a water bath at 60 °C for one hour, the solution was then left to stand for 24 hours at room. temperature, after which the resulting. mixture was filtered through several layers of sterile gauze; the concentrated. liquid was then ready.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: saga, Flavonoids, Tannin
  topic: keywords
creator: Sabaa O. Albalawi
creator: Hala. A. Shaheed
creator: Shirin S. Al-Shewaili
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-01
publication date: 2025-12-01
starting page: 516
ending page: 522
doi: 10.54174/y9kyw384

Fish Diversity as a Biological Indicator of Organic Pollution in the Shatt Al- Basrah canal
type: item
description: In addition to being a sewage channel for the entire Basrah Governorate, the Shatt Al-Basrah Canal's environment is polluted by Several things, including spoiled medications, dirt, construction debris, and butchery waste that are dumped into the river and its banks, which results in a low density of organisms and a lack of biodiversity in the area. Two sampling stations were selected, the first station near Al-Zubair Bridge and the second station after the regulator. A total of 1664 fish were captured from Shatt Al-Basrah Canal, which included 14 species belonging to 11 families. The Coptodon zillii fish ranked first in terms of numerical abundance during all the study seasons. Environmental variables (Water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity and Biological Oxygen Demand) were measured, Water temperatures ranged from 12 ºC in winter in the second station to 37 ºC in summer in the first station, dissolved oxygen values ranged from 4 mg/L in the summer in the first station to 9 mg/L in winter in the second station, pH values ranged between 7.2 in the spring and 8.3 in the autumn in the first station. Salinity values ranged between 22 g/L in winter and 49.1g/L in summer in the first stations. Biological Oxygen Demand values ranged from 3 mg/L in winter to 5.9 mg/L in summer in the first stations. Both stations recorded a significant increase in the level of organic pollution. With the first station being more affected.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Keywords: Qualitative composition, Organic pollution, Fishes, Shatt Al-Basrah canal, Iraq
  topic: keywords
creator: Mayada H. Ahmed
creator: Nada Al-Baghdadi
creator: Haider Majeed
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mayada H. Ahmed, Nada M. Al-Baghdadi , Haider S. Majeed https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-01
publication date: 2025-12-01
starting page: 523
ending page: 531
doi: 10.54174/e9ga2236

Antibacterial Activity of Alkaloids, Phenols Extracts, and Phytochemical Screening of Bioactive Compounds of Borago officinalis plant
type: item
description: The overprescription and uses the antibiotics which are produced to rise of drug-resistant bacteria, and this causes a significant global public health threat, this led to discovery phytochemicals compounds such as natural products of medicinal plants which have antimicrobial agent. This study was aimed to evaluate antibacterial activity of alkaloids and phenols extracts of Borago officinalis against urinary tract infection UTI in waist province, Grampositive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Phenol extracts were having significant highest antibacterial activity at p≤0.05 against bacteria than alkaloids. The results showed the B. officinalis contains gallic, rutin, alkaloid, glycoside, tannins, and saponins through the estimation of active compounds in plant, The results of High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed occurrence Gallic acid, Apigenin, Ferulic acid, Qurcetine, Rutin, Sinapic acid compounds, the higher concentration compound was gallic (93.6mg/gm), while, Ferulic acid (44.6 mg/gm) lower concentration in plant. The results showed S. aureus was more sensitive for B. officinalis extracts, while P. aeruginosa was more resistance for each extract.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Plant Extracts, B. officinalis, Medicinal Plant, HPLC, Urinary Tract Infection UTI.
  topic: keywords
creator: Ekhlass Mashhad Solaq
creator: Roaa M. H. Shoker
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-01
publication date: 2025-12-01
doi: 10.54174/c47nsj52

The role of plant extracts in increasing vegetative growth and productivity in plants, biological control, and reducing environmental pollution
type: item
description: The current study reviewed previous research using a range of plant extracts, including garlic, licorice, coconut milk, banana pulp, tomato juice, orange juice, dill oil, caraway, fenugreek, okra, jujube, and extracts from various weed plants such as wheatgrass, barley, mallow, and galangal, as well as volatile and fixed oils from cypress leaves, mint, eucalyptus, myrtle, cypress fruits, bitter orange, anise, date pits, soybeans, and others. The results showed significant differences between the various treatments. Some plant extracts contributed to increased vegetative and flowering growth and productivity compared to the control group. Furthermore, their addition to the nutrient medium in plant tissue culture stimulated the growth of the cultured plant part. Research also demonstrated that plant extracts can inhibit potato tuber germination. Studies and research have also shown the significant role of plant extracts in controlling insect pests, exhibiting pesticide effects against various insect species, including the southern cowpea beetle.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Plant extracts, clean agriculture, sustainability, biological control, biofertilizers
  topic: keywords
creator: Sabr saad
creator: Hala Adnan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-07
publication date: 2025-12-07
starting page: 503
ending page: 509
doi: 10.54174/yp2esh24

Impact of Milk Drying Methods on Its Nutritional Content and Health Benefits
type: item
description: The process of milk drying serves two main purposes which include product shelf-life extension and storage stability improvement and dairy product distribution support. The chosen drying technique determines how well the final product will maintain its nutritional value and functional characteristics. The research assesses how three typical milk drying methods (spray drying , freeze drying , drum drying) affect the stability and bioavailability and physical properties of milk components including proteins and lipids and vitamins and minerals.The review examines experimental results from current times to understand how different processing conditions at various temperatures and moisture levels and oxygen exposure times and drying periods affect nutrient breakdown through protein denaturation and lipid oxidation and vitamin depletion, research investigates how hot temperatures lead to damage of heat-sensitive vitamins and bioactive proteins which results in food quality deterioration and negative impacts on human health, also research investigates how industrial efficiency impacts milk powder nutritional preservation because high thermal processing methods used in milk powder production lead to decreased product quality and performance. The research investigates drying systems which employ oxygen-controlled and vacuum-assisted technologies to maintain food nutrient values while meeting safety and quality requirements. The results demonstrate that proper drying methods and new processing methods need to be developed because they will help maintain both the nutritional value and functional properties of dried milk products.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Milk powder, Protein Denaturation, Spray Drying Process
  topic: keywords
creator: Yuosra Amer Ali,
creator: Azhar ibrahim shuker
creator: Qaswaa Yousif Jameel
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-01
publication date: 2025-12-01
doi: 10.54174/wqwqer05

Physiological and Environmental Stress Situations and Their Impact on The Physiological Processes of Ruminants: Article Review
type: item
description: The physiological and natural stressors influencing ruminants are assorted and essentially affect their wellbeing, efficiency, and welfare, frequently coming about in significant financial misfortunes for animals’ businesses due to diminished development, propagation, and expanded illness frequency. Ruminants have a specialized stomach related framework with a multi-chambered stomach that depends on microbial aging, and push can disturb this sensitive adjust, driving to modified digestion system, diminished bolster admissions, and compromised resistant work. Stressors are classified as physiological such as malady, regenerative occasions, and administration hones or natural, counting climate-related components like warm, cold, stickiness, and lodging conditions, all of which can trigger hormonal reactions through actuation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal pivot, raise glucocorticoid levels, and smother resistant and regenerative capacities. Inveterate presentation to these stressors not as it were modifying behavioral designs such as bolstering, social intelligent, and resting but moreover requires physiological adjustments like acclimatization and hereditary choice for strength, highlighting the significance of administration procedures that adjust the environment, make strides sustenance, and join behavioral preparing to relieve stretch impacts. Tending to these challenges through investigate, especially centering on hereditary inconstancy and long-term considers, is significant for improving ruminant efficiency and welfare within the confront of climate alter and advancing agrarian frameworks.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Behavior, Physiological, Ruminants, Stress, Welfare
  topic: keywords
creator: Hanan Waleed Kasim Agwaan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-01
publication date: 2025-12-01
doi: 10.54174/s8765k40

The Role of Nutrition in Promoting Physiological Functions and Maintaining General Health
type: item
description: The complex relationship between food and health is rooted in the intricate biological mechanisms at the root of human biology. This review highlights the importance of nutrients, metabolic pathways, and cellular activities in illustrating how food components affect health outcomes, with emphasis on micronutrients and minerals serving as cofactors in homeostasis reactions, while macronutriENTs are digested to provide energy and build tissues. Additionally, the paper emphasizes the importance of dietary patterns in controlling crucial physiological systems such as the cardiovascular, immunological, and endocrine systems. Additional research studies are needed to examine these systems' effects. The consumption of excessive saturated fats and processed carbohydrates is connected to atherosclerosis and insulin resistance, whereas high fiber, antioxidant, and omega-3 fatty acid diets promote vascular health and reduce inflammation. Researchers have investigated how the gut microbiota serves as a link between nutrition and health, impacting metabolism, immune system, and nutrient absorption.' This study examines the connection between nutrient deficiencies and disorders like anemia, osteoporosis, and metabolic syndrome. In addition, the paper highlights how a well-balanced diet can aid in managing bodily functions and prevent illness. The comprehension of these physiological principles is essential for devising effective dietary strategies and public health initiatives that aim to improve overall health outcomes. The objective of this review is to thoroughly investigate the physiological mechanisms behind the link between diet and health.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ex
  topic: keywords
creator: Roqaya Fouad Lafy
creator: Taha Muhammad Taqi Muhammad
creator: Hanan Waleed Kasim Agwaan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-01
publication date: 2025-12-01
doi: 10.54174/qyf13153

Study of the Environmental Factors Affecting the Abundance of the Asian Catfish H.1843 Silurus triostegus in the Hammar Marsh
type: item
description: Fish are among the most important organisms in aquatic ecosystems due to their nutritional, economic, and environmental value. This study focused on the impact of environmental factors—including temperature, salinity, pH, and dissolved oxygen—on the feeding behavior of the Asian catfish (Silurus triostegus) in the Al-Hammar Marsh, Dhi Qar Province, southern Iraq.A total of 60 fish samples were collected over a six-month period (October 2024 to March 2025), with 10 samples per month. Stomach contents were analyzed using the point method. The results showed the highest feeding activity occurred in October and November, where most stomachs were full or half-full (scores of 20 or 10). In contrast, December and January recorded the highest percentage of empty stomachs (score 0), reflecting reduced feeding activity likely due to environmental fluctuations.Biochemical analyses revealed a decrease in protein and fat content in muscle tissues from the beginning to the end of the study: protein decreased from 19% to 16.7%, and fat from 0.13% to 0.07%. Moisture content increased from 76.4% to 80.04%, and ash content from 1.01% to 1.24%. Similar patterns were observed in liver tissues, where protein dropped from 17.6% to 14.18%, and moisture increased from 71.86% to 73.7%.These findings demonstrate that environmental factors directly influence the feeding patterns and nutritional condition of Asian catfish. The study highlights the importance of monitoring aquatic environmental conditions to support fish health, growth, and sustainable fishery management.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Keywords: Fish, Asian catfish (Silurus triostegus), Hammar Marsh, environmental factors, nutrition, protein, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen.
  topic: keywords
creator: kamel
creator: Sarah
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-01
publication date: 2025-12-01
starting page: 494
ending page: 502
doi: 10.54174/cz0n2n29

Geological Analysis of the Influence of the Euphrates and Shatt al-Arab Rivers on Soil Texture and Density in Northern Basra, Southern Iraq
type: item
description: The study aimed to analyze the contrasting geological influences of the Euphrates River and the Shatt al-Arab on the physical properties of the soils in northern Basra. The methodology relied on collecting 18 surface samples from six sites (S1–S6) along both rivers, with a calculated distance from each. A particle size analysis of the soil texture was conducted following Folk’s method (1974). Bulk density, particle density, and total porosity were measured and supported by statistical analyses to examine the relationship between these properties and the distance from each river. The results revealed a dominance of fine particles (clay and silt) in the soil texture, reflecting a low energy depositional environment. Statistical correlations indicated two fundamentally different influence patterns. The Euphrates River exhibited a regular and gradual effect, showing a strong negative correlation (r = –0.797) between sand content and distance from the river, as well as a positive correlation for bulk density (r = 0.513) and a negative correlation for porosity (r = –0.495) with increasing distance. This pattern suggests the role of conventional hydraulic processes in grain size sorting. In contrast, the influence of the Shatt al-Arab appeared more complex and nonlinear, dominated by strong correlations associated with fine particles. Clay showed a strong negative correlation (r = –0.840), while silt exhibited a positive correlation (r = 0.729) with increasing distance from the river. This pattern may be attributed to tidal effects that enhance selective clay deposition near the riverbanks over long time periods. Moreover, particle density displayed notable stability, with no significant correlation with either river, indicating a homogeneous mineral source of the soils. The study concludes that the geological influence of the two rivers is integrated yet somewhat complex: The Euphrates controls the spatial distribution of coarse particles and soil porosity structure, wher…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Keywords: Soil texture, soil bulk density, total soil porosity, Euphrates River, Shatt al-Arab, geological analysis, alluvial plain.
  topic: keywords
creator: Najed F. Shareef
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-01
publication date: 2025-12-01
starting page: 38
ending page: 43
doi: 10.54174/ktf0b953

The role of starter solutions on growth and yield of lettuce transplants grown at southern 0f Iraq
type: item
description: The study was conducted at the agricultural research station affiliated with the college of Agriculturwe ,University of Basrah in the area of Garmat Ali, to study the effect of lettuce transplants treatment with two starter solutions urea (0,0.5,1,2)gm litter-1 NPK (0,0.5,1,2)gm litter-1 and their interaction on the vegetative growth and yield . The results showerd both of starter solutions treatments significantly affected in transplants weight ,hight,srem length, total leaves number ,leaf area ,total head weight and total yield.The interaction between starter solutions significantly affected in all traits of the study except the diameter stem
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: lettuce ,starter solution ,urea ,NPK,growth,yield
  topic: keywords
creator: Faris I. Obaid
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2023-12-01
publication date: 2023-12-01
doi: 10.54174/88vpds65

Impact of Different Energy Sources on Some Performance Parameters of Japanese quail
type: item
description: This stud proved fulfilling its objectives about the growth performance, feed intake, feed efficiency, production efficiency and profit from quails under five different energy sources of dietary oil: unmixed oil control (T1) oil addition at the rate of 1% of the diet of corn oil (T2), sunflower oil (T3), soybean oil (T4), and tallow (T5) and 440 birds randomly assigned to treatment groups. All 7 diets were modeled to meet isonitrogenous and isocaloric levels set by NRC 1994. Performance was tracked over 6 weeks and data analyzed in a completely randomized design. Though early growth (1–14 days) showed little change, at the end of the trial, soybean oil (T4) improved final body weight (247.483 g), and body weight gain (265.163 g) at the low FCR (1.567) than the control. The Feed intake in this treatment was also lowest compared to the rest (418.370 g), indicating improved energy efficiency. The production index from treatment group T4 was also the greatest, in addition to having favorable economic returns. This supports other studies suggesting that vegetable oil, and particularly soybean oil, increases apparent digestibility of nutrients, enzyme functions, and lipid metabolism in poultry. The soybean oil also contains bioactive molecules like lecithin that aids in fat digestion and cholesterol control. Scientific and economic principles regarding Japanese Quail biomass production systems suggest that substituting with soybean oil instead of solid animal fats or carbohydrate sources adds margin
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Energy, oil, productive, performance, quail.
  topic: keywords
creator: Sarood Samal Shawkat
creator: Rozhgar Baiz Saeed
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-01
publication date: 2025-12-01
doi: 10.54174/gpw20p47

Effect of some fruit extracts on tenderness and some chemical and physical characteristics of cow meat
type: item
description: This study investigated the effects of pineapple (Ananas comosus) and kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) extracts on the chemical composition, physical characteristics, and sensory qualities of cow longissimus dorsi muscle during frozen storage (0, 30, 60, and 90 days). We examined five distinct treatments: T1 (control), T2 (100% pineapple), T3 (50% pineapple), T4 (100% kiwifruit), and T5 (50% kiwifruit). Proximate analysis revealed significant treatment effects (p < 0.05). The moisture content was maximal in T2 (74.29%) and minimal in T4 (71.60%). The protein content in T2 (16.76%) was inferior to that of the other treatments (about 18%). No changes in treatment for fat content were observed; however, it increased with storage length. The ash percentage reached highest perecentage in T4 at 0.93% and was lowest in T1 at 0.62%. The physical quality traits varied significantly: T4 and T5 exhibited the highest water-holding capacity (WHC) at 45.63%, whilst T2 had the lowest at 42.65%. The cooking loss was most in T2 (48.23%) and minimal in T1 (39.30%). Water holding capacity (WHC) peaked between 30 and 60 days, whereas cooking loss was maximal at 30 days and minimal at 60 days. Sensory evaluation revealed that T4 enhanced the tenderness of the dish (4.17), but T2 diminished its juiciness, taste, and overall acceptability (2.50). Kiwifruit extracts generally rendered food softer, enhanced its mineral content, and increased its palatability. Pineapple extracts, however, enhanced moisture but diminished the food's palatability and protein content at elevated quantities.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Kiwifruit, pineapple extracts, tenderness, cow meat, chemical traits,
  topic: keywords
creator: Shirwan Mohammed M Amin
creator: Ayad Bakir Mahmud
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-01
publication date: 2025-12-01
starting page: 612
ending page: 623
doi: 10.54174/154qts44

Pomegranate Peel extract in Edible films: Impact on Microbial Growth Oxidative Stability, and Sensory Quality of Beef
type: item
description: This study assessed the antimicrobial, antioxidant and organoleptic effects of pomegranate peel powder (POP) incorporated into sodium alginate films and the mechanical and chemical properties of films enriched with pomegranate peel extract (PPE). Bovine samples were coated with films containing 0% (control), 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and10% POP, and their quality was analyzed during 14 days of refrigerated storage. Microbial counts, including the aerobic plate count (APC), psychrotrophic count (PTC), and Enterobacteriaceae count (EC), significantly decreased with increasing POP concentrations. The 10% POP (Pop4) treatment demonstrated robust antimicrobial activity, maintaining APC at 3.503 log CFU/g compared to 7.630 log CFU/g in the control by day 14. Oxidative stability was significantly improved, with peroxide value (PV) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBA) levels in Pop4 reduced by 53.6% and 76.7%, respectively, compared to the control. Sensory analysis indicated superior preservation of color, odor, and overall acceptability in POP-treated samples. Concurrently, films enriched with PPE exhibit enhanced mechanical and barrier properties. Increased PPE concentrations improved film thickness (0.062 mm in T4, 10% PPE), tensile strength (46.450 MPa in T4), and water vapor barrier properties (0.005–0.007 g/m² over 24 h), while reducing moisture content and enhancing elongation at break (4.57% in T4 compared to 3.11% in control films). These findings indicate that edible films enriched with POP and PPE demonstrate significant potential for extending the shelf life, enhancing safety and improving the sensory characteristics of fresh meat. Furthermore, these films
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Antimicrobial- Antioxidant- Organoleptic- Sodium alginate films- Mechanical properties.
  topic: keywords
creator: Shokhan Hidayat Hamarashid
creator: Nehan Bahaaldeen Jafar
creator: Naska Abdulqadr Muhamad
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-01
publication date: 2025-12-01
starting page: 451
ending page: 481
doi: 10.54174/04am4g95

https://jam.utq.edu.iq/index.php/main/article/view/623
type: item
title: Diagnosing the reality of the performance of the sustainability system in the field of disseminating modern technologies to sustainably increase the productivity of the wheat crop in some provinces of the central region of Iraq (Baghdad, Wasit, Babylon, a
description: This research aims to diagnose the reality of the sustainability system's performance in the field of disseminating modern technologies to increase wheat productivity in some provinces of the central region of Iraq (Baghdad, Wasit, Babil, and Karbala). The research relied on a descriptive approach, where data was collected from 274 agricultural extension workers using a questionnaire containing 45 items distributed across five main areas: planning and implementation, management, finance, research and development, and media. The results showed that the system's performance was high in all areas, with the media area receiving the highest weighted average (3.98), followed by planning and implementation (3.97), while finance ranked last with a weighted average (3.91). The results also revealed weak integration between responsible agencies, shortcomings in administrative and financial aspects, and weak media performance. Based on this, recommendations were made to enhance institutional coordination, improve management, increase funding, and enhance the role of the media to achieve sustainable wheat production.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Agricultural Sustainability – Modern Technologies – Wheat Productivity – Agricultural Extension – Planning – Management – Financing
  topic: keywords
creator: Hussein Ali Mahdi Hussein
creator: Hakeem Sultan Abd Al-Rikabi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-01
publication date: 2025-12-01
starting page: 418
ending page: 430
doi: 10.54174/968qhg17

Effect of Gorogreen five frctus and pollen Cultivar on some physical and Chemical properties of date palm fruits Phoenix dactylifera L . variety resulting from a thesis tissue culture of Barhi
type: item
description: This study was conducted during the current growing season (2020-2021) in one of the private orchards located in the south of Thi_Qar Governorate and the cultivated area is imagining dates. Phoenix dactylifera L cultivar Barhi resulting. From tissue culture at the age of (6) years, to study the effect of spraying with Gorogreen live fructus and the pollen variety and knowing their effect on nutrients and the rate of maturity of imagining dates. (ml liter), and classify the vaccine represented by the two types of vaccine (Ghanami green and male) and the interaction between them in the Khalal and wet phases The study showed the superiority of spraying Gorogreen five fructus at a concentration of (1.5) ml/liter, and it achieved the highest increase in nutrients (PN and), and the results of the study showed the superiority of the green ovine pollen variety in terms of enriched elements (P. N. K) for the fantasy and wets tages in Hala lstage As for the interaction between Gorogreen five fructus on a liter and the pollen variety, it was significant in nitrogen and potassium in the disagreement stage, and the effect of the interaction was upper in the phosphorous element in the wet stage .
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Gorogreen
  topic: keywords
subject: Barhi
  topic: keywords
subject: pollen
  topic: keywords
creator: Batool Hanoon Falih Al_ Zubaidy
creator: Sarah Jawad Kazem Al Mousawi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2022-06-01
publication date: 2022-06-01
starting page: 102
ending page: 110
doi: 10.54174/twcp2e92

Study of Power Requirements of the Combined Moldboard Plow at Different Forward Speeds
type: item
description: The experiments were carried out in one of the agricultural fields of the College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, using a split-plot design with three replications to study the influences of single factors and their interactions on the performance of the developed moldboard plow. The parameters studied involved: moldboard type (M1: conventional moldboard, M2: finned moldboard), rigid harrow types (H0: moldboard plow without rigid harrow, H1: moldboard plow with one row of rigid harrow, H2: moldboard plow with two rigid harrows) and forward speed (S1: 1.5 km h-1, S2: 2.5 km h-1, S3: 3.5 km h-1). The results showed a significant effect of individual factors on the performance variables. The moldboard with fins (M2) led to an increase in draft force (%p<0.05) compared to the conventional moldboard (M1) by 8.36%. H2 increased the draft force, reaching 17.60 kN compared to H0 by 35.18%. Forward speed had a significant effect (%p<0.05), whereas draft force increased from 16.86 kN to 14.04 kN when forward speed from 1.5 to 3.5 km h-1. The interactions were also significant (%p<0.05). The interaction treatment (M2*H2*S3) recorded the highest draft force value of 19.86 kN, while the interaction treatment (M1*H0*S1) recorded the lowest value of 10.55 kN. Furthermore, the highest slip percentage was observed with (M2*H2*S3) reaching 19.53%, while the lowest was observed with (M1H0S1) at 8.2%. In terms of fuel consumption, the combination (M2*H2*S1) recorded the highest rate at 35.37 L ha-1, while the combination (M1*H0*S3) recorded the lowest fuel consumption rate at 16.60 L ha-1.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Fins, rigid harrow, conventional moldboard, draft force, fuel consumption
  topic: keywords
creator: Sadiq Jabar Muhsin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-06-01
publication date: 2025-06-01
doi: 10.54174/r0ek4058

Comparative Assessment of Melatonin Implants and Progesterone Hormone Effect on the Testicular Changes in Tomcats
type: item
description: The purpose of study to evaluate the effectiveness of melatonin implants and progesterone hormone as non-surgical methods for controlling reproductive activity in adult male cats. Twenty-four healthy toms, aged 3–4 years, were equally divided into three groups: a control group, a melatonin-treated group (18mg S.C.) and progesterone-treated group (megestrol acetate 2.5 mg every 10 days for two months). All cats were housed in comparable environmental conditions, and behavior observations as well as serum testosterone concentrations were taken 20, 40 and 60 days after treatment. melatonin implants and progesterone hormone both led to testicular regression (p <0.05) of treated tom cats comparative to control. Testicular length and width, scrotal circumference, seminiferous tubule diameter, interstitial tissue thickness, number of interstitial cells, and height of germinal epithelium all showed a gradual decrease over the course of 60 days. Regression was modest with melatonin (MLT) and stronger and earlier with progesterone. By day 60, testicular length and width decreased to approximately 17 mm (MLT) and 14 mm (in P4-treated cats), while scrotal circumference was reduced to 2.44 cm (MLT) and 1.52 cm (P4-treated). Histologically, melatonin led to a gradual vacuolation and desquamation of germ cells, whereas progesterone induced marked seminiferous atrophy, change of spermatogenic cells and expansion of the interstitium. There were no local or systemic adverse reactions. Results indicate that both have an inhibitory effect on testicular structure and reproductive activity, the suppression being reversible and progesterone having more potent inhibition.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Melatonin implants, Progesterone, Tomcats, Testes.
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohammed Thabit
creator: Salah Mahdi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mohammed Thabit, Salah Mahdi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-03
publication date: 2025-12-03
starting page: 435
ending page: 450
doi: 10.54174/y6qedd88

Effect of Mantha langifoliail (L)powder inhabit growth of fungi that associated with local bread
type: item
description: Contamination local bread wit mold were tested to identifying fungi and verifying efficiency of Mantha langifoliail (mint) ti inhibet fungi contamination and longing life half of bread product
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Mantha langifolia
  topic: keywords
subject: contamination of bread
  topic: keywords
subject: Aspergillius ochroceus
  topic: keywords
creator: Ali Merjan Merjan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ali Merjan Merjan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-27
publication date: 2026-03-27
doi: 10.54174/86bvp839

Effect of Conventional Thermal Processing Duration on Hydroxymethyel furfural, Antioxidant Activity, and Physicochemical Properties of Pomegranate Molasses
type: item
description: This study investigated the effect of traditional heating duration on the physicochemical characteristics, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) formation, antioxidant activity, and mass yield during the production of pomegranate molasses. Pomegranate juice was thermally concentrated under traditional conditions for up to 14 hours, with periodic sampling to monitor changes. Heating significantly affected all measured parameters (p < 0.05). HMF content showed a non-linear increase, with initial low values, a sharp rise between 1–3 hours, slight decline during intermediate heating, and a final increase at 12–14 hours. Importantly, HMF levels remained below the maximum allowable limit of 75 mg/kg, ensuring product safety. Polynomial regression confirmed a strong quadratic relationship between heating time and HMF concentration (R² = 0.912, p < 0.001). Antioxidant activity decreased gradually with heating, while total soluble solids and viscosity increased, and pH and moisture content decreased. These results emphasize the need to optimize traditional heating time to maximize yield and quality while maintaining HMF within safe limits.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Pomegranate molasses- Hydroxymethyl furfural - Antioxidant activity – Traditional methods.
  topic: keywords
creator: Brwa Khalid
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brwa Khalid https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-07
publication date: 2025-12-07
starting page: 270
ending page: 281
doi: 10.54174/pgxn7344

https://jam.utq.edu.iq/index.php/main/article/view/607
type: item
title: Effect of the Interaction Between the Level of Water Dilution, Fermentation Time of Chicken Feed, and the Level of Addition of the Iraqi Biostimulant on the Microbial Count of Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae
description: This study aimed to demonstrate the effect of using feed fermented with Iraqi probiotic and water on chicken feed and to study the effect of fermentation on the microbial count of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium bacteria. Four concentrations of Iraqi probiotic were added: 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10/kg feed. The feed was diluted with water at ratios of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 liters of water/kg feed. The feed was placed in an incubator at 37°C for different periods: 24, 48, and 72 hours. The goal of the experiment was to select the best concentration of Iraqi probiotic , along with the best water addition and the most appropriate fermentation time. All fermentation treatments resulted, There was a significant increase (P≤0.05) in the logarithmic numbers of all types of bacteria and yeast, and the best results were in favor of the 100% fermented feed prepared with a concentration of 10 g of probiotic/kg feed, diluted with water at a rate of 1 liter of water/kg feed, and fermented for 48 hours compared to the rest of the treatments.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Water Dilution
  topic: keywords
subject: Iraqi Biostimulant
  topic: keywords
subject: Saccharomyces
  topic: keywords
creator: Noura Karim Jabbar Noura Karim Jabbar
creator: Alaa Ahmed Marzook
creator: Ali fadhel
creator: Rasha Kazem Hameed
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Noura Karim Jabbar , Alaa Ahmed Marzook, Ali fadhel, Rasha Kazem Hameed https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-07
publication date: 2025-12-07
starting page: 266
ending page: 269
doi: 10.54174/tpbvn949

THE SELLERS ' KNOWLEDGE OF THE MARKETING EXTENSION OF THE LOCAL HONEY SHOPPING FUNCTION AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH SOCIAL VARIABLES IN SULAIMANIYAH GOVERNORATE
type: item
description: <a href="https://jam.utq.edu.iq/index.php/main/The research aimed to determine the level of sellers' knowledge of the marketing extension of the local honey marketing function and its relationship to some variables. This research was conducted in Sulaymaniyah governorate on a simple random sample of 313 researchers, representing 30% of the research community of 939 researchers. The data was collected by personal interview through a questionnaire form prepared for this purpose, and after testing and confirming its suitability for data collection, the data were collected, then processed and analyzed by SPSS Version22 Software. The results found that the level of knowledge of the respondents in the marketing extension of local honey in general was average, tending to rise, and the percentage of respondents in the middle and high categories was 71.57%. Additionally, the results showed that there is a significant correlation between the level of knowledge of the respondents in the marketing extension and variables: age, educational level and use of information source of marketing, while there is no correlation between the level of knowledge of the respondents in the marketing extension and participation in social organization variable. The researcher recommends that the development of specialized training and extension programs designed for different ages and education levels for honey sellers by the Ministry of Agriculture to maximize learning outcomes for honey sellers.">The research aimed to determine the level of sellers' knowledge of the marketing extension of the local honey marketing function and its relationship to some variables. This research was conducted in Sulaymaniyah governorate on a simple random sample of 313 researchers, representing 30% of the research community of 939 researchers. The data was collected by personal interview through a questionnaire form prepared for this purpose, and after testing and confirming its suitability for data collection, th…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Knowledge level
  topic: keywords
subject: , Seller
  topic: keywords
subject: Marketing extension
  topic: keywords
subject: Local honey
  topic: keywords
subject: Shopping
  topic: keywords
creator: shanya Abdulrahman
creator: Dara A. Salih
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 shanya, Dara A. Salih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-07
publication date: 2025-12-07
starting page: 256
ending page: 265
doi: 10.54174/ngsvfk71

Obstacles of Sustainable Agricultural Development from The Point Of View Of Agricultural Extension Workers In Sulaimani Governorate*
type: item
description: The study aimed to identify the obstacles facing sustainable agricultural development from The Point Of View Of agricultural extension workers in Sulaymaniyah Governorate in general, as well as to identify these obstacles in each of the development dimensions (social, economic, and environmental), in addition to arranging the dimensions in descending order of importance. It also aimed to find the variance between the obstacles to sustainable development them and a group of independent variables. The research population comprised all agricultural extension personnel employed at the extension centres within Sulaymaniyah Governorate, totalling 93 workers in agricultural extension. Theseworkers were distributed throughout the various districts and sub-districts of the governorate;The research results revealed that the obstacles facing the achievement of sustainable development are average and tends to rise in general in all its fields as well as in each field of the three dimensions of sustainable agricultural development. The results showed that the field of the economic dimension came in first rank when arranging these fields according to their importance. These results also showed that the respondents did not show a difference in their opinions towards achieving sustainable agricultural development with the variables of age, academic achievement and participation in training courses, while they showed a varaince with the variables of information sources and the attitude towards sustainable agricultural development. The research concluded that there are serious and major obstacles hindering the achievement of sustainable agricultural development in Sulaymaniyah Governorate. The research recommended making efforts and activating the role of agricultural extension and other development organizations to address these obstacles.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Obstacles , Sustainable Agricultural Development, Of Agricultural Extension Workers.
  topic: keywords
creator: Lana yasin
creator: Sahab Ayid Al-Ajeili
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Lana yasin, Sahab Ayid Al-Ajeili https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-07
publication date: 2025-12-07
starting page: 387
ending page: 406
doi: 10.54174/wb73yz91

Influence of Anti-Transpirant, Nano-Potassium, and Shading on Vegetative Growth and Yield Traits of Grapevines (Tre-Rash cv.) Under Rain-Fed Conditions
type: item
description: Agricultural production is considered one of the sectors most affected by climate change, especially drought; in the semi-arid climate zone, rainfall is variable leading to several challenges that affect agricultural production. Thus, this study was conducted using antitranspirant (1:10), nano-potassium (2 g L-1) and 50% shading with a green net to protect grapevines, Vitis vinifera L., cv. Tre-Rash under rain-fed conditions. A simple randomized complete block design experiment was conducted to enhance grape yield and quality, to explore the synergistic effects of the treatments used on grapevines grown under water-limited conditions. The results showed that the treatments significantly enhanced some vegetative traits such as main shoot length and chlorophyl content. Moreover, the variance among values of cluster weight, number of berries per cluster, weight of 100 berries, size of 100 berries, total soluble solid TSS, total titratable acid TTA, total anthocyanin content in grape, total carotenoid, total soluble sugar content in grapes and leaves, total phenolic content in grapes and leaves, total flavonoid content in grape and leaves, leaf proline, leaf lipid peroxidation and yield per vine were significantly different.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Vitis vinifera L., Drought stress, phytochemical, grape quality
  topic: keywords
creator: Anwar Mahmood
creator: Tara Faizallah Mohammed
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Anwar Mahmood, Tara Faizallah Mohammed https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-07
publication date: 2025-12-07
starting page: 340
ending page: 362
doi: 10.54174/yn6x9482

Effect Of Early Quantitative Feed Restriction On Growth And Production Indicators Of Broiler Chickens
type: item
description: This study was conducted in the poultry field, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences / University of Baghdad, during the period from 1/5/2023 to 5/6/2023. The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of feed restrictionsat an early age on the production performance of broiler chickens. Three hundred one-day-old Ross 308 chicks with an average initial weight of 46 g were used for the study and divided into four treatments. Each treatment consisted of seventy-five birds divided into three replicates of twenty-five birds each. The four treatments included the following: The first treatment (T1): Ad libitum feeding during the study period of 1 to 35 days. The second, third and fourth treatments (T2, T3 and T4): Ad libitum feeding during the first week of life (1-7 days), restriction of feed by 15, 25 and 35% respectively during the period of 8-21 days, then ad libitum feeding during the remaining period (22-35 days). The results showed a significant decrease (P<0.01) in body weight at 35 days of age and weight gain over the entire period (1-35 days) at T2, T3 and T4 compared to T1, with T3 having an advantage over T2 and T4. With a significant decrease (P<0.01) in T2, T3 and T4 in feed intake over the entire period (1-35 days) compared to T1, with a significant decrease in T3 and T4 compared to T2. At the same time, no significant differences were observed in feed utilization, dressing percentage and percentage of carcass parts and some internal organs. These results therefore indicate the possibility of reducing nutritional and production costs through early feed restrictions without negatively affecting production performance.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: feed restriction, performance,broiler chicks
  topic: keywords
creator: Basil M. Ibrahim
creator: Luma K. Bandr
creator: Mohammed A. Hussein
creator: Waleed Khalid Al-Hayani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-06-01
publication date: 2025-06-01
doi: 10.54174/cxy7fd13

Subcutaneous ovarian transplantation for short term preservation in cat
type: item
description: An ovarian transplantation procedure in cat carried out without angioanastomosis on 10 donors in aimed of 10 recipient’s cats. The ovaries of donors cats had been removed and sliced then placed in buffer saline followed by histopathological evaluation, transplanted into recipient cats subcutaneously. One month after surgery, the recipient cats treated with PMSG+hCG hormones to activate the transplanted ovaries. The response to hormonal activation were assessed using two methods, the first was ultrasonographic examination to monitoring follicular development and the second done by estimation of blood estrogen hormone after operation in comparison with before operation. The results show there are significant changes in serum estrogen concentration before and during different times (days) after hormonal treatment of recipient cats in comparison with before treatment which may indicate of ovarian activation containing primary and secondary follicles , this result confirmed by ultrasonography for follicular detection. In conclusion subcutaneous allo-ovarian transplantation could be in immunosuppressed cat with no any visible complications. The study also shows that there are remaining levels of estrogen hormone even after ovariectomy in cat. Finally administration of PMSG + hCG hormone could activate the subcutaneous transplanted ovaries by activation of follicular development
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: ovarian, Transplantation , Cat , allo-ovarian transplantation
  topic: keywords
creator: awban aktham
creator: Baqer J. Hasan Baqer J. Hasan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 awban aktham, Baqer J. Hasan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-07
publication date: 2025-12-07
starting page: 241
ending page: 247
doi: 10.54174/78jypd68

The Effect Of Dietary Supplemented Ginger And Probiotic On The Productive Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, And Blood Metabolites Of Growing Karadi Lambs
type: item
description: This study aimed to assess the impact of using different amounts of ginger and probiotic in feed of Karadi lambs(%0 control,%3 ginger,%3 probiotic,%3 ginger+%3 probiotic) on productive performance ,nutrient digestibility and blood metabolites. Twenty male lambs (4-5 months old and initial weight 25±5 kg) were randomly divided into four groups (5 lambs for each group) individually penned for 84 days (12 weeks). Each group include 5 lambs as (control, T1, T2, T3).Lambs fed a concentrate diet containing 16% protein at the level of %3 of their live body weight and wheat straw was ad libitum throughout the period of the study. Control (receive basal diet), T1 (receive basal diet with 3g ginger /head/day), T2 (receive basal diet with 3g probiotic/head/day), T3 (receive basal diet with 3g ginger /head/day+ 3g probiotic/head/day). Treatment 1 experienced a higher feed intake and significant (p < 0.05) rise in body weight gain, this could be because of supplemented ginger improved nutritional absorption. The positive effect of using ginger and probiotic was observed in dry matter digestibility, organic matter digestibility, crude protein digestibility, ether extract digestibility, crude fiber digestibility, NFE digestibility, NDF digestibility and ADF digestibility comparing to control ,the result refer to ginger and probiotic addition that they improve digestion, nutrient absorption and gut health of lambs. Collections of blood samples were obtained at the final stage of research study. The overall findings regarding blood plasma measures in lambs that received different experimental diets showed that all treatments displayed little effect on the assessed parameters, as the variations attributable to treatment effects were not statistically significant (p < 0.05), with the exception of albumin and creatinine levels were significant (p < 0.05). Feeding lambs diets supplemented with the experimental additions resulted in significantly (p < 0.05) different pH values, The pH va…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: ginger, probiotic, growth performance, blood parameters, digestibility and ruminal fluid
  topic: keywords
creator: chiya mawlood
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 chiya mawlood https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-01
publication date: 2025-12-01
starting page: 407
ending page: 417
doi: 10.54174/j1w2kw50

Morphological and Molecular identification of some Species of liver fluke in Sulaymaniyah Slaughterhouse
type: item
description: This study provides a molecular epidemiological profile of liver flukes infecting sheep in Sulaimani Governorate, Iraqi Kurdistan. Between July 2024 and July 2025, a total of 211,940 sheep were examined at the Sulaimani Central Slaughterhouse and district/sub-district abattoirs in Saidsadq, Chamchamal, Sharazur, Kalar, Darbandikhan, Penjwen, Piramagrun, Axjalar, Halabja, and Dukan. The overall prevalence of fasciolosis was 5.52%, with significant seasonal variation: highest in spring (7.21%) and summer (6.55%), and lowest in autumn (4.57%) and winter (2.38%). Infected animals were predominantly males (76.8%), reflecting slaughterhouse demographics, while imported breeds accounted for most infections (77%) compared with local breeds (23%). Morphological examination indicated Fasciola hepatica as the predominant species (80%), followed by F. gigantica (12%) and F. magna (8%). Molecular analysis confirmed these findings with high levels of agreement, detecting F. hepatica in 94% of the tested samples, F. gigantica in 95%, and F. magna in 92%. By integrating morphological proportions with PCR confirmation rates. These results confirm Fasciola hepatica as the dominant species in the study area, alongside the validated presence of F. gigantica and F. magna. The study aims to determine the prevalence and seasonal distribution of fasciolosis in sheep at Sulaimani Central, and to identify and characterize the liver fluke species by an integrated morphological and molecular approach (ITS PCR-RFLP and mtDNA sequencing).
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sheep. Fasciola species, Slaughter house, Molecular Technique
  topic: keywords
creator: Bahzad Mustafa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Bahzad Mustafa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-01
publication date: 2025-12-01
starting page: 293
ending page: 301
doi: 10.54174/977ka925

The effect of some active compounds of the Aqueaus extract of Basil on some bloodhematological parameters of male rats induced with Diabetes
type: item
description: Diabetes mellitus is one of the major scientific problems facing the human body due to its delayed detection at its onset. It is often referred to as the silent killer. Cardiovascular disease, renal disease, and neuropathy are among the many complications that can develop in people with diabetes. The pancreatic beta cells secrete the hormone insulin. Its regulation of metabolism is crucial for maintaining normal blood sugar levels. Due to the complications caused by chemotherapy and its high cost, medicinal herbs have been used in this field to reduce the effects of diabetes and lower blood levels. One such herb is basil. Its aqueous leaf extract is used to treat diabetes, given its content of active compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and other compounds. Forty adult male albino rats were evaluated. They weighed between 200 and 250 grams and were 10 to 12 weeks old. Four groups were formed from them. A control group, which did not receive any therapy, was the first. On the other hand, 150 mg/kg bw of alloxan was administered to the second group. The third set of subjects received alloxan injections and a monthly dosage of 250 mg/kg bw of water-based basil leaves extract. The fourth set of subjects received a single alloxan injection, along with a monthly dosage of aqueous basil leaves extract (500 mg/kg body weight). Following the injection of alloxan, the findings demonstrated a significant decline (p < 0.05) in the quantity of red blood cells, compressed cell volume, and hemoglobin concentration. As shown in the control group, the levels increased once more after administering the aqueous basil leaf extract. Nevertheless, in contrast to the control group, the alloxan injection resulted in a substantial increase (p<0.05) in the number of white blood cells. It dropped down to levels similar to the control group after the administration of the water-based basil leaves extract (p<0.05).
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ocimum basilicum, aqueous extract, rats, hematological parameters
  topic: keywords
creator: Noor Al-Huda N. Abdulla
creator: Adnan S. Abdulnabi
creator: murtadha F. abdulahseen
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Noor Al-Huda N. Abdulla, murtadha abdulahseen, Adnan A. Al-Sultan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-07
publication date: 2025-12-07
starting page: 231
ending page: 240
doi: 10.54174/4jjd7223