The genetic role of mitochondria in feed conversion efficiency and egg production in poultry
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54174/0hj31376Keywords:
mitochondria , efficiency , poultryAbstract
Mitochondria are a key axis in regulating feed conversion efficiency and egg production in poultry, given their central role in producing the cellular energy necessary for all metabolic and productive processes. Research has shown that differences in productive performance among birds are not only due to nutritional or environmental factors, but are closely related to genetic differences, particularly mitochondrial inheritance and the accompanying variation in phospho-oxidation efficiency and the electron transport chain.
The results of cross-sectional studies showed that birds with high feed conversion efficiency have more efficient mitochondria in producing ATP with a relative decrease in energy loss in the form of heat or oxidative stress compared to birds with low efficiency. This balance between energy production and reducing oxidative stress is a crucial factor in improving feed utilization and reducing food waste, which positively impacts the economic performance of poultry projects.
The research also showed that egg production is a vital process with high energy demands, and that mitochondrial efficiency directly and indirectly affects egg-laying rate, production continuity, and egg quality. Furthermore, scientific evidence indicates that the integrated interaction between mitochondrial and nuclear genes contributes to regulating energy distribution within the bird's body and determines whether it is directed towards growth or egg production.
The conclusion confirmed that maternally transmitted mitochondrial inheritance represents an important dimension that must be taken into account within genetic improvement programs, as molecular indicators associated with mitochondria can be used to select the most efficient and productive birds. The research also indicated that supporting mitochondrial health through balanced nutrition and antioxidant supplements may enhance productive performance and reduce the negative effects of metabolic stress.
Based on the above, it can be said that this research confirms that improving feed conversion efficiency and egg production in poultry requires an integrated perspective that combines mitochondrial genetics, nuclear genetics, and proper nutrition, which opens up broad horizons for scientific research and practical application towards achieving more efficient and sustainable poultry production.
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