Studying the chemical properties of chamomile and thyme and their effectiveness against the growth of microorganisms isolated from cheeses and chicken meat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54174/zhs4jh65Keywords:
chamomile , microorganisms , chicken meat, mustafaAbstract
This study aimed to evaluate the chemical properties and biological activity of alcoholic extracts of thyme and chamomile by examining their antibacterial effects against certain bacterial species isolated from chicken meat and soft cheese, namely Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. The study also included an assessment of the antioxidant activity of both extracts, in addition to the qualitative identification of their active compounds. The results showed that the alcoholic extract of thyme possessed high inhibitory activity, which increased with increasing extract concentration. While the alcoholic extract of chamomile exhibited lower inhibitory activity compared to thyme, it was still effective against some bacterial isolates. Regarding antioxidant activity, the results indicated that both extracts demonstrated a significant ability to inhibit free radicals, suggesting their potential use as natural antioxidants, with chamomile extract showing relative superiority at certain concentrations.
Downloads
References
Darwish, R. M., & Aburjai, T. A. (2010). Effect of ethnomedicinal plants used in folklore medicine in Jordan as antibiotic resistant inhibitors on Escherichia coli. BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 10(1), 9.
Dai, Y. L., Li, Y., Wang, Q., Niu, F. J., Li, K. W., Wang, Y. Y., ... & Gao, L. N. (2023). Chamomile: a review of its traditional uses, chemical constituents, pharmacological activities and quality control studies. Molecules, 28(1), 133.
Shivananda Nayak, B., Sivachandra Raju, S., & Chalapathi Rao, A. V. (2007). Wound healing activity of Matricaria recutita L. extract. Journal of Wound Care, 16(7), 298-302.
Xia, Q. X., Bai, H. T., Sun, L. C., Gao, T. G., Jiang, C. D., & Shi, L. (2012). Research Progress on the Composition and Function of Chamomile. Acta Hortic. Sin, 39, 1859-1864.
Ribeiro, R., Fernandes, L., Costa, R., Cavaleiro, C., Salgueiro, L., Henriques, M., & Rodrigues, M. E. (2022). Comparing the effect of Thymus spp. essential oils on Candida auris. Industrial Crops and Products, 178, 114667
Premrov Bajuk, B., Prem, L., Vake, T., Žnidaršič, N., & Snoj, T. (2022). The effect of thymol on acetylcholine-induced contractions of the rat ileum and uterus under ex vivo conditions. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 13, 990654.
Vassiliou, E., Awoleye, O., Davis, A., & Mishra, S. (2023). Anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties of thyme oil and its main constituents. International journal of molecular sciences, 24(8), 6936.
Harborne, A. J. (1998). Phytochemical methods a guide to modern techniques of plant analysis. springer science & business media.
Kokate CK.(2000). Practical Pharmacognosy, Vallabh Prakashan, Delhi. 107‐111
Ahmed,I ; Mehmood,Z. andMohammad,F. (1998). Screening of some Indian medicinal plants for their antimicrobial properties. J. Ethnopharmacol. 62 : 183-193
Simorangkir,M.,Hutabarat,W.,Nainggolan, B., & Silaban, S. (2019).Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of nonpolar to polar solvent extracts of Sarang Banua (Clerodenrum fragrans Vent Wild) leaves. RASĀYAN Journal of Chemistry [RJC], 12(02), 959-965.
Susanti, D., Sirat, H. M., Ahmad, F., Ali, R. M., Aimi, N., & Kitajima, M. (2007). Antioxidant and cytotoxic flavonoids from the flowers of Melastoma malabathricum L. Food Chemistry, 103(3), 710-716.
Güngör, B., & Genç, O. (2025). Antibacterial activity of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) extracts against multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli strains. Etlik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, 36(1), 58-63.
Mahrun and Mujiono .(2022). bima ethnic medicinal plants as a natural hand sanitizer. J. Pijar MIPA, Vol. 17 No.3, May 2022: 413-419
Al-Khafagi, M. F. J., & Mohammed, D. Y. (2023). Study antibacterial activity of crude Capparis spinosa L. extracts against Helicobacter pylori infection and determine their bioactive compounds. Iraqi Journal of Science, 503-512.
Harishaoui, R. M. A. (2011). Comparison of Antimicrobial Activity of Both Seeds and Leaves Extract of Two Type of Cucurbita pepo L.(Iraqi&Chinese). J. of Kerbala University, 9(4), 45-52.
Oancea, A., Roata, G., Popescu, S., Paun, L., Mateescu, I., Toma, A. E., ... & Sidoroff, M. (2013). Phytochemical screening of the bioactive compounds in the most widespread medicinal plants from calarasi-silistra cross-border area. Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov. Series II: Forestry• Wood Industry• Agricultural Food Engineering, 135-142.
Khouya, T., Ramchoun, M., Hmidani, A., Amrani, S., Harnafi, H., Benlyas, M., ... & Alem, C. (2015). Anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant and antioxidant effects of aqueous extracts from Moroccan thyme varieties. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 5(8), 636-644.
Nadeem, H. A., Pervaiz, M., Ejaz, A., Saeed, Z., Imran, M., Khan, R. R. M., & Younas, U. (2024). Comparative phytochemical study of methanolic and ethanolic extracts of Thymus linearis and their antibacterial and antioxidant potential. Biomedical Chromatography, 38(3), e5808.
Mohammad Al‐Ismail, K., & Aburjai, T. (2004). Antioxidant activity of water and alcohol extracts of chamomile flowers, anise seeds and dill seeds. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 84(2), 173-178.
Sebai, H., Jabri, M. A., Souli, A., Hosni, K., Rtibi, K., Tebourbi, O., ... & Sakly, M. (2015). Chemical composition, antioxidant properties and hepatoprotective effects of chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) decoction extract against alcohol-induced oxidative stress in rat. Gen. Physiol. Biophys, 34(3), 263-275.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 mustafa asaad
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
1.png){kind=spacer}
