Obstacles and Suggested Solutions for Developing Agritourism from orchard Owner’s perspective in the Governorates of Sulaymaniyah and Halabja/KRI.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54174/saqad867Keywords:
Obstacles, Agritourism, Rural Development, Suggested Solutions, Orchard OwnerAbstract
This research aims to determine the Obstacles and Suggested Solutions related to Developing Agritourism from Orchard Owners Perspective in the study area. Orchard owners were selected as the participant study population totaled 1,620 in the Sulaimani and Halabja governorates. To Select the sample of research, Morgan Law depending the geographical distribution was used 324 Orchard Owners by used 20% of the study population. The questionnaire was used to gather data, and it was reviewed by some experts to measure the validity. The descriptive statistical methods that were utilized for data analysis by using the statistical program SPSS. The results finding shows the obstacles facing the orchard owner in developing an agritourism were medium to low. As well as the finding, the financial obstacles came in first rank from the respondent’s perspective compared to other obstacles, and the (Combating agritourism projects by the rural community) obstacle came at the last rank. Providing financial support, insurance, and long-term loans for the development of agritourism projects is also one of the important recommendations suggested by the orchard owners. The researchers suggested that all the requirements for orchard owners should be provided by the relevant parties in material and moral terms, review the laws, regulations and guidelines related to farms and agricultural land for changing it to an agritourism orchard farm, and promote the agritourism project, with financial support provided by Stakeholders and NGOs for the development and agriculture of their farms.
Downloads
References
Abdullah, A.M., Obay saeed, M., Abed almoussawi, Z., braiber, H.T., mubarak, I.A. and hammoode, J.A. (2022), Determinants for farmers' decisions to participate in developing agricultural tourism activities. An empirical study of Iraq's economy. AgBioForum, 24(1), pp.161-169.
Adamov, T., ciolac, R., Iancu, T., brad, I., peț, E., popescu, G., & Șmuleac, L. (2020), sustainability of Agritourism Activity. Initiatives and Challenges in romanian Mountain Rural Regions. sustainability, 12(6), 2502. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12062502
Allahverdiyev E. (2024), Awareness for agro-tourism: The example of Turkey and Azerbaijan. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development. 8(8): 5350. https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i8.5350
Ayaz, N. (2012), kırsal turizm ve paydaşları: belediye başkanlarının tutumlarına yönelik bir araştırma. Doctoral Thesis, Gazi University, Institute of Educational Sciences.
Barbieri, C., Mshenga, P.M. (2008), The role of the firm and owner characteristics on the performance of agritourism farms. Social. Rural. 48 (2), 166–183. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9523.2008.00450.x
Choo, H. (2012), Agritourism: Development and Research. Journal of Tourism Research and Hospitality, 1(2). http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2324-8807.1000e106
Ciolac, R., Iancu, T., Brad, I., Popescu, G., Marin, D., & Adamov, T. (2020). Agritourism activity—A “smart chance” for mountain rural environment’s sustainability. Sustainability, 12(15), 6237.37(1), pp.1-22. https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/302466
Darău, A.P.C.M., Brad, M.L. & Avram, E. (2010), The Concept of Rural Tourism and Agritourism. Studia Universitatis “Vasile Goldiş” Arad, V (1), pp.39-42.
DeLay, N.D., Chouinard, H.H. and Wandschneider, P.R. (2019), Categorizing agritourism operations and identifying barriers to success. Journal of Agribusiness. https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.302466
Demirezen, B. (2020), Agro tourism in Turkey. International Journal of Health Management and Tourism, 5(1), pp.64-75. Demirezen, B., 2020. Agro tourism in Turkey. International Journal of Health Management and Tourism, 5(1), pp.64-75. https://doi.org/10.31201/ijhmt.696185
Ferreira, D. I. R., & Sánchez-Martín, J. M. (2022), Shedding light on agritourism in Iberian cross-border regions from a lodging’s perspective. Land, 11(10), 1857. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11101857
Kalhory, Dara A. Salih, Layeeq, T. M. and Sakinaa, M. O. (2022), the Role of Agricultural Extension to Facing Agricultural Risks in sulaimani governorate-kurdistan region, Iraq. Diyala agricultural sciences journal, 14(1), 1-13. https://dx.doi.org/10.52951/dasj.22140101
Kline, C., Cardenas, D., Leung, Y., & Sanders, S. (2007), Sustainable Farm Tourism: Understanding and Managing Environmental Impacts of Visitor Activities. Journal of Extension, 45(2), https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/joe/vol45/iss2/11
Kuo, N. W., & Chiu, Y. T. (2006), The assessment of agritourism policy based on SEA combination with HIA. Land use policy, 23(4), 560-570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2005.08.001
Litheko, A. (2022), Development and Management of Small Agro-Tourism Enterprises: A Rural Development Strategy. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 11(3):1053-1069. DOI: https://doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720.275
Malkanthi S. H. and Routry J.K. (2012), Potential for Agritourism Development: Evedance from Sri Lanka. The Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 6(1), 24. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/jas.v6i1.3812
Mandy K., Azad A., Dutta S. and Hindorya P. (2019), Agro Tourism: Exploring new Avenues in Rural India. Science for Agriculture and Allied Sector: A monthly eletter. 1(1), 7-13.
McCombes, S., & Van Den Eertwegh, L. (2019). Editorial: Courses of Nature. Junctions, 4(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.33391/jgjh.55
Oladeji, S. O., Ariyo, O. T, & Alabi, O. I. (2020), Potentials of Agrotourism on Social and Economic Development of the Selected Agricultural Farms and Adjoining Communities in South-Western Nigeria. Czech Journal of Tourism, 8(2), 119–142. https://doi.org/10.2478/cjot-2019–0008
Petroman, I. and Petroman, C. (2010), Agritourism and its forms. Lucrări Ştiinţifice – vol. 53, Nr. 2/2010, seria Agronomie. URI: https://repository.iuls.ro/xmlui/handle/20.500.12811/3961
Pratt, S., Magbalot-Fernandez, A., & Ohe, Y. (2022), Motivations and constraints of developing agritourism under the challenges of climate change: The case of Samoa. International Journal of Tourism Research, 24(4), 610-622. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2525
Raj Sharma, V., Kumar Sanu, S., Verma, K., & Rajput, S. (2022), Dimensions of Sustainable Tourism Management: A Case Study of Alwar City, Rajasthan, India. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 41(2), 335–342. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.41201-835
Rambodagedara, R.M.M.H.K., Silva, D. and Perera, S., (2015), Agro-tourism development in farming community: Opportunities and challenges. Hector Kobbekaduwa Agrarian Research and Training Institute. ISBN: 978-955-612-197-1
Sabir, G.L. and Hasan, T.M. (2025), The Effectiveness of Human Resource Management Practices in Achieving the Objectives of Agricultural Extension Centers in Sulaymaniyah Governorate in Kurdistan Region/Iraq. Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences, volume 16, issue (2). https://doi.org.10.58928/KU25.16206
Sakinaa, Mohammed O., Layeeq, T, M., Mahmud, B, A. and Mohammed, Bekhal Q. (2023), The level of Impact of the Agricultural Extension System on Rural Agricultural Development from the Farmers’ Point of view in Halabja Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. International Journal of Agricultural and Statistical Sciences. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59467/ .
Salih, D. A. (2024), Attitudes of Agricultural Extension Workers towards the use of artificial intelligence in the extension systems in Sulaymaniyah Governorate. Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences,15(4), 267276. https://Doi.Org/10.58928/ku24.15422
Sharpley, R., & Vass, A. (2006), Tourism, farming, and diversification: An attitudinal study. Tourism Management, 27(5), 1040–1052. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2005.10.025
Shih, D., Lu, C., Lee, C., Cai, S., Wu, K., & Tseng, M. (2018), Eco-Innovation in circular Agri-Business. Sustainability, 10(4), 1140. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10041140
Sznajder, M. and Przezbórska, L. (2004), Identification of rural and agri-tourism products and services. Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development, 3(359). http://www1.up.poznan.pl/jard/index.php/jard/article/view/1027
Valdivia, C., Jiménez, E., & Romero, A. (2007), El impacto de los cambios climáticos y de mercado en comunidades campesinas del Altiplano de La Paz. Umbrales, 16,233–262. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/67516
Wen-Ta, Kuo, Tsai, Ch., L. Winitra, T. Weerapon (2025), Innovative Pathways for Agritourism Development: Trends, Challenges, And Opportunities, Pak. J. Life Soc. Sci. (2025), 23(1): 2741-2761. Https://Doi.Org/10.57239/PJLSS-2025-23.1.00216
Yang, L. (2012), Impacts and Challenges in Agritourism Development in Yunnan, China. Tourism Planning & Development, 9(4), 369–381. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2012.726257.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Bekhal Qasim Mohammed, Dara Abdulrahman Salih
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
1.png){kind=spacer}
