"Effect of the Rhizosphere of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) on Some Biological Properties of Soils in Basrah Governorate"
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54174/ypk6y645Keywords:
Rhizosphere, Phoenix dactylifera, Azotobacter spp., biological soil properties, soil enzymes, Basrah soils, nitrogen fixation, microbial activity.Abstract
This study investigated the effect of the rhizosphere of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) on some biological properties of soils in four different locations in Basrah Governorate (Kteeban, Al-Tanuma, Abu Al-Khasib, and Nahr Hassan). Soil samples were collected at two depths (0–30 cm and 30–60 cm) from both rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soils. biological indicators were analyzed, including total bacterial and fungal counts, Azotobacter spp., and some enzymes( urease and dehydrogenase) .
The results demonstrated a significant increase in microbial populations and enzymatic activities in rhizospheric soils, particularly in surface layers (0-30 cm ) . The Kteeban site showed the highest values for microbial abundance and enzyme activity, which is attributed to leguminous cropping and organic matter inputs. Conversely, the Nahr Hassan site, which retains natural vegetation, exhibited the lowest values for same criteria .
Overall, the rhizosphere was found to be a biologically active zone that enhances soil fertility through microbial colonization and enzymatic activity. The findings highlight the potential of utilizing native Azotobacter spp. as a biofertilizer to support sustainable agriculture in arid and seme arid regions.
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