A Brief Overview of the Role and Function of Fixative and Fixation: Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54174/87ae4c06Keywords:
Fixation, simple Fixatives, compound fixative, Formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, , osmium tetroxide, picric acid, Review. IntroductionAbstract
Fixation is a physical chemical process that fixes tissues or cells chemically. Fixatives have many functions, one of which is to stop tissue putrefaction and autolysis. Formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, glacial acetic acid, alcohol, mercuric chloride, potassium dichromate, osmium tetroxide, glyoxal, picric acid, Zenker,s solutions, Bouin,s solution and other fixative chemicals are used. A thorough search of the databases in Google Scholar, research gut, and Scopus revealed few papers on "fixation" and "fixative." A thorough overview of fixation and fixatives was written with this fact in mind. This review's main objective is to acquaint pathologists and lab personnel with the core ideas and different categories of fixatives.
Downloads
References
- Culling CFA, A (1985). Handbook of Histopathological and Histochemical Techniques. 4th ed. London: Butterworth Publication; 27–77
- Freida L, Carson CHC. (1987). Histotechnology: A Self Instructional Text. 3rd ed. American Society for Clinical Pathology Press, Hong Kong
- Bancroft JD, Gamble M, (2002). Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 63–108
- Eltoum, I., Fredenburgh, J., Myers, R. B., & Grizzle, W. (2001). Introduction to the theory and practice of fixation of tissues. Journal of Histotechnology, 24, 173–190.
- Grizzle, W. E., & Fredenburgh, J. (2001). Avoiding biohazards in medical, veterinary and research laboratories. Biotechnic and Histochemistry, 76, 183–206.
- O’Leary, T. J., & Mason, J. T. (2004). A molecular mechanism of formalin fixation and antigen retrieval. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 122, 154; author reply 154–155.
- Kiernan, J. A. (1999). Histological and histochemical methods: theory and practice (3rd ed.). Oxford, UK: Butterworth-Heinemann.
- Carson, F. L. (1990). Histotechnology: a self-instructional text. Chicago, IL: American Society of Clinical Pathologists.
- Fox, C. H., Johnson, F. B., Whiting, J., & Roller, P. P. (1985). Formaldehyde fixation. Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, 33, 845–853.
- Horobin, R. W. (1982). Histochemistry: an explanatory outline of histochemistry and biophysical staining. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer.
- Rait, V. K., O’Leary, T. J., & Mason, J. T. (2004). Modeling formalin fixation and antigen retrieval with bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A: I – structural and functional alterations. Laboratory Investigations, 84, 292–299.
- Ashaq Hussain Bhat and Samiea Hussein (2021). Fixation and different types of fixatives: Their role and functions: A review. International Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Pathology; 4(4): 113-119.
- Titford ME, Horenstein MG. (2005). Histomorphologic assessment of formalin substitute fixatives for diagnostic surgical pathology. Arch Pathol Lab Med.; 129(4):502–506
- Fox CH, (1985). Johnson FB, Whiting J, Roller PP. Formaldehyde fixation. J Histochem Cytochem; 33(8) :845–853
- Wicks LF, Suntzeff V. (1943). Glyoxal, a non-irritating aldehyde suggested as substitute for formalin in histological fixations. Science; 982539 :204.
- Walker JF, (1964). Formaldehyde. 3rd ed. American Chemical Society Monograph Series. New York NY: Reinhold Publishing;1964
- Baker FJ, Silverstone RE, (1976). Introduction to Medical Laboratory Technology. 5th ed. Butterworth-Heinemann.
- Eltoum IE, Freenburgh J, Myers RB, Grizzle WE. (2001). Introduction to the theory and practice of fixation of tissues. J Histotechnol; 24(3): 173–190
- Leong AS-Y, (1994). Fixation and fixatives. In: Woods AE, Ellis RC, eds. Laboratory Histopathology. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone.
- Lillie RD, Fullmer HM, (1976). Histopathologic Technique and Practical Histochemistry. 4th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
- Luna LG, (1992). Histopathologic Methods and Color Atlas of Special Stains and Tissue Artifacts. Gaithersburg, MD: American Histolabs.
- Hayat MA, (1981). Fixation for Electron Microscopy. New York, NY: Academic Press.
Glauert AM, Lewis PR, (1998). Biological Specimen Preparation for Transmission Electron Microscopy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
- O’Brien TP, McCully ME, (1981). The Study of Plant Structure: Principles and Selected Methods. 1st ed. Melbourne, Australia: Termarcarphi.
- Sabatini DD, Bensch K, Barrnett RJ. (1963). Cytochemistry and electron microscopy. The preservation of cellular ultrastructure and enzymatic activity by aldehyde fixation. J Cell Biol; 17: 19–58.
- Hopwood D. (1969). Fixatives and fixation: a review. Histochem J.; 1(4): 323–360.
- Culling CFA, Allison RT, Barr WT. (1985). Cellular pathology technique. London: Butterworths; 32.
- Zamboni, Luciano, and Cesare De Martino (1967). “Buffered Picric Acid Formaldehyde: A New Rapid Fixative for Electron Microscopy”. Journal of Cell Biology; 35: 148.
- Lillie RD, Fullmer HM, (1976). Histopathologic Technique and Practical Histochemistry. 4th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
- Sung HW, Chang Y, Liang IL, Chang WH, Chen YC. (2000). Fixation of biological tissues with a naturally occurring crosslinking agent: fixation rate and effects of pH, temperature, and initial fixative concentration. J Biomed Mater Res;52(1):77-87.
- Hopwood D. (1985). Cell and tissue fixation, 1972–1982. Histochern J; 17(4): 389–442.
- Baker FJ, (1976). Silverstone RE, Introduction to Medical Laboratory Technology. 5th ed. Butterworth-Heinemann.
- Nuovo GJ, (1996). Situ hybridization. In: Damjanov I, Linder J, eds. Anderson’s Pathology. 10th ed. Maryland Heights, MO: Mosby.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
1.png){kind=spacer}
