The effect of the growth stimulant Bio 20 and thinning on some physiological and physical characteristics of date palm fruits (Phoenix dactylifera L.), the Al-Shwaithi cultivar growing in Thi - Qar Governorate.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54174/utjagr.v13i1.319Keywords:
Bio 20, Thinning, bunch weight, Fruit length and fruit weightAbstract
This study was conducted during the 2023 growing season in one of the private orchards in Thi - Qar Governorate, with the aim of studying the effect of spraying fruits with concentrations of the growth stimulant Bio 20 (0, 2, and 4) ml L-1 and the percentages of fruit thinning (0, 15, and 30)% and their interactions in some physiological and physical characteristics of date palm fruits of the Shuwaithi cultivar in the Rutab stage. The experiment was carried out as a factorial experiment according to a Completely Randomized Block Design with six replications to calculate the studied traits. Concentrations of the growth stimulant Bio 20 were sprayed and the thinning process was performed after (21) days of pollination and upon completion set the fruits with (6) sprays between one and the next (14 days) until the start of the coloring stage.
The results can be summarized as follows:
The results of the study showed that spraying with the growth stimulant Bio 2o achieved a significant increase in most of the physiological and physical characteristics studied , and the concentration (4 ml L-1) recorded the highest averages for : ripening percentage (82.41%), bunch weight (11.16 kg), and fruit weight (11.40 gm). ) and the length and diameter of the fruit (3.76 cm, 2.18 cm), respectively, and the fruit size (10.53 cm3). In addition, it recorded the lowest average with a significant difference for the percentage of fruit drop (25.58%).
The thinning percentage (30%) achieved a significant increase in : ripening percentage (84.05%), bunch weight (10.02 kg), fruit weight (11.35 g), fruit length (3.59 cm), fruit diameter (2.12 cm), and fruit size (10.33 cm3). In addition, it recorded the lowest averages with a significant difference in the percentage of fruit drop (22.65%).
As for the effect of the interaction treatment between the concentration of the growth stimulant Bio 20 (4 ml L-1) and the thinning percentage (30%), it was significant in giving the highest averages of physiological and physical characteristics during the Rutab stage.
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